Hardbanding is the process of depositing a layer of super hard metal onto drill pipe tool joints, collars and heavy weight drill pipe in order to protect both the casing and drill string components from wear associated with drilling practices.
Wear testing requirements are included in API Specification 7CW. API . This process utilizes a machine that takes hardbanded tool joint and simulates drilling conditions against a casing sample over a period of eight hours. Throughout the duration of the test, measurements related to tool joint and casing wear are recorded and used to derive a number of useful figures.
The most commonly used measures for hardbanding performance are Casing Wear %, Tool Joint Wear in Casing and the ASTM G65-A Dry Sand Abrasion Test. An ideal hardbanding alloy willhave a low Casing Wear %, Tool Joint Wear in Casing and G65-A (grams lost).
Casing Wear % is a measure that indicates the percentage of casing wall material that has worn away during the 8-hour wear test. These figures can range from as little as 3-4% for very casing friendly hardbandings, and up to 100% for total casing failures. Arnco’s line of products range from approximately 2.58-7.28% Casing Wear on the Mohr Engineering Casing Wear Test using a T-95 casing sample and other standardized parameters.
ASTM G65-A test results include the amount of material lost during the test in milligrams (mg) or grams (g). So, for example, Arnco 350XT, one of the most durable products on the market falls within a range of 0.16-0.21 grams lost using standardized parameters of 30 lbs. of side load and 6,000 revolutions.
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All connection contact surfaces should be clean and free of moisture and contaminants (including storage compounds) prior to the application of the thread compound, whether intended for storage only or as a “running” compound. Corrosion effects are the result of an electrolytic process in which both water and dissolved ions (chlorides, sulfides, sulfates, and other dissolved ions) serve together as an electrolyte.
Most corrosion inhibitors are “surface active,” meaning that the active molecules attach themselves to metal surfaces to prevent access by corrosion-causing contaminants. If, however, the contaminants are present on the threaded surface prior to application of the thread/storage compound, they will be trapped against the surface and cause corrosion. Simply drying the surface with compressed air is insufficient, because dissolved contaminants remain on the surface when moisture evaporates.
To remove moisture and contaminants, apply a dewatering fluid/corrosion inhibitor to threaded surfaces. Remove all dewatering fluid/corrosion inhibitor material from the thread surface before thread/storage compound application.
* Based on applying compound to one LT&C pin or box, filling root to crest. For short thread, multiply by 0.25. If both pin and box are doped, multiply compound ounces by two or divide pins/gallon by two.